Eugene c



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

E. 0. SMITH. LOCK.

(No Model.)

Patented Apr. 26, 1 892.

WITNESSES:

ATTORNEY.

ma uonms vz'rzns co, mom-mum, vusmucmu. a. c.

- 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

' E. 0. SMITH.

LOCK.

No. 473,857. Patented Apr. 26, 1892.

WITNESSES:

$2 Wm @Jwwvv ATTORNEY.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EUGENE C. SMITH, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE UNIVERSAL LOCKCOMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 473,857, dated April26, 1892 Application filed March 5, 1890.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EUGENE C. SMITH, a citizen of the United States, anda resident of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented anew and useful Improvement in Locks, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to combination-locks, and particularly to certainimprovements in the locks patented to me, numbered 414,261 and 418,476,and dated November 5, 1889, and December 31, 1889, respectively; and thepurpose of my improvement is to give additional security to the lock.

The lock is of the class which employ an angular shiftable locking-bar,which looks the tumblers both in their locked and their unlockedpositions; and my improvement consists in forming each tumbler with anauxiliary surface, so placed with reference to the locking-arm of theloeking-bar that any motion communicated to the unlocked tumblers in anattempt to surreptitiously open the lock will cause the aforesaidauxiliary surface to hold the locking-bar, so that the locked tumblerscannot be freed to open the look. I also provide means actuated by thelocking-bar for preventing the Withdrawal of the bolt.

Referring to the drawings which accompany this specification to aid inthe description, Figure 1 is a plan view looking down on the tumblers.The lock-casing is removed in order to show the mechanism, and all thetumblers are shown in the unlocked position. Fig. 2 is a view similar toFig. 1, except that certain of the tumblers and the locking-bar areshown in the locked position. Fig. 3 is a View of the locking-bar and anunlocked tumbler. Fig. 4 is a View of one certain key. Fig. 5 is a Viewof a tumbler, bolt, lockingbar, and locking-lever in the lockedposition. Fig.6 shows the same parts as Fig. 5, except the tumbler, andin thelocked position. Fig. 7 shows same parts as Fig. 6, but in theunlocked position. Fig. 8 is an end view of the locking-bar, showing thearm on the lockingbar and the locking-lever.

As hereinbefore stated, the present invention pertains to'an improvementin the locks shown in the patents to me. The mechanism as a whole istherein fully described, and refer- Serial No. 342,693. (No model.)

ence to the said patents is herein expressly made. The presentdescription will there fore be confined principally to the improvementnow in question, reference being made to the other parts of the lookonly in so far as is necessary to explain the nature and application ofthe improvement.

In thelock are a series of shiftable tumblers A all of the same size andthe same shape, which is preferably approximately circular. Thesetumblers A turn on a pin B, which is fixed in the lock-case, and eachtumbler has a projection a, which engages with the arms 0 d of ashiftable locking-bar C. This lockingbar extends across the edge of allthe tumblers A, so as to engage with the projection a of each tumbler,and the said locking-bar C turns upon an axis D. The said locking-bar isformed with arms 0 cl, which engage with the aforesaid projections aafter the manner of toothed wheels. The back of the lockingbar 0 isformed with surfaces cl d which are pressed by springs E in the severalpositions of the locking-bar, as seen in the drawings. W'ashers may beplaced between the tumblers A in the usual manner.

In addition to the projections a aforesaid each tumbler A has anauxiliary surface a, which is adapted to just pass freely under the arm0 of the locking-bar O, as seen in Fig. 3. This surface a may be shapedas a tooth or as a cam and may be used to prevent the return of thebolt, as hereinafter described, or an independent lever may be used forthis latter purpose, as will be explained hereinafter.

Each tumbler A has a true key-slot a false key-slots a (1. recesses of afor the ends of tumbler-springs F, and when required a depression a toreceive the bolt-stump g when the bolt G is drawn back. The said boltGis guided by slots 9' and pins H H, and the pin I-I may also be used tolimit the motion of the tumblers A by engaging against the surface a onthe said tumblers, as is clearly shown in Fig. 2. In the bolt-slide arerecesses '1; j, which receive the end of a bolt-spring K and also atalon to be engaged by the end bit Z of a key L. This key is aflatsheet-metal key, which turns in a slotted key-cylinder M IOO S is a stopfor the purpose of limiting the motion of the tumblers in thedirectionof .the arrow on Fig. 2.

The aforesaid auxiliary surface 0. of the tumbler A is placed on thetumbler so that itisjust clear of the armc of thelocking-bar Cwhen-tlrat certain itumblery-Ais in the un.-' locked position, Thisrelationof the-surface often-thearmwc iscclearly' shown in: Fig.1. The,aforesaid armc of the locking-bar Ods termed the-flock-ing-armfi onaccount of its function of locking. the saidwlocking-barland the.tumblefrs, as is- -to -be immediately described-.--

Thewperation ofrmyrimprovement is as followszySu-ppose all the tumblersAto be in the unlockedposition shown inFig. 1 and.the lock-to be open. Ifnow a key be inserted and turned-to lock in the direction of the arrow,-Fig. ;1, its'end bit will first shoot thebolt and its other bits willthen shift-the certain combinationofztumblers to thelocked position ofFig; .2, the. other tumblers remaining in the unlockedposition, asindicated bythedotted lines-of 2. The surfaced of. the locked tumblerswill now have passed behindthe bolt-stump g, thereby preventingthewithdrawal' of. the-bolt G,.and the projections a of thesaid. lockedtumblers will have turned the locking-barO to theposition shown in Fig.2,"

wherein the said projections Cb are under the locking arm-c. The lock isnow locked, and the key maybe turned to the slot in the caseand-withdrawn. made to openthe look by a blank or a pick. Thelockedtumblers cannot be-moved in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 1, becauseof the pin H engaging. against the side ofthe surface a, and theunlocked tumblerscannot be i moved in that direction because theprojections a of such tumblers engage against the arm-def thelocking-bar 0. Again, if the pick-.or'blank move the tumblers in thedirection ofthe arrow, Fig. 2, certain locked and unlocked tumblers willbe simultaneouslyimovedagainst the side of the arm at of thesaidlocking-bar O; butin this position the surface a of suchunlockedtumblers as were moved will come under. the locking-arm c, asshown in Fig.3, and the surface a will resist the effort of theteeth 0/,to rotate the locking-bar O and suffer the locked tumblers to returntoEthe unlocked position. Thus the auxiliary surface a acts incombination with the locking-arm c to prevent the opening of the look byany means, except the Very key Suppose now an attempt bewhich looked thelock or its exact duplicate. The same amount of play may be givenbetween the arm d and the projections a of the locked tumblers asbetween the said arm (1 and the surface a of the unlocked tumblers,(see-Fig. 2,) and also the same play may be given between theprojections CL of the unlocked tumblers and the arm 01, Fig. 2, asbetween the pin H and the surface a of the locked tumblers. (See Fig.2.) Thus in feeling with a pick every tumbler has the same freedom ofmotion in each direction as every other tumbler hasin the samedirection,and no indication is given as to which are the locked or the unlockedtumblers.

Figs. 5, 6, 7, and 8 show a modification of the means for preventingw.thesreturn of the bolt. At oneiend of the locking-hart? is formed aprojection or cameo. In the drawin-gszthis cam 0 isshown asia projectionor lug extending radiall-ywfrom the locking-bar axis'iD tothe'circumference'of'thesaidlbckingrbargibut it is evident it'mayalso bevariously situated-as, for example, a .proj ection=from the side ofthelocking-bar; Adjacent to; the-said looking-bar. C is a bent. lever P,pivoted to. the-case at p and hayingv arms pc 19 which are placed tobe-actuated by thecam 0 dur ing the movement of the locking-ban 0, as

hereinbefore described. The camp acts on thearm' p in such am-anner-thatwhenthe lock is locked, as:hereinbeforedescribed,.the

saidarm 19' will have ibeen-pushedby the camq-o behindtheshoulderq of.the bolnG,

thus preventing the withdrawal of ,thebolt. The extreme end surface'ofthe lever 19; and the corresponding, surface'of the shoulderq may beformed as arcs of circles struck from the pivot. 19 asa center, sothatif the=bolt-G=fisthrust back upon the lever p the-pressure will becommunicated directly-to the-pivot-p. In unlocking, the'locking-bar 1G-:is shiftedubefore the key begins to drawthebolt, and the cam 0,actingonthe lever-armp moves the lever P, so that the arm p'is liftedclear of the shoulder qyand the key can then-draw the bolt, as shown inFig. 7.

The lock may be made eit-heras a padlock,-

in which case the bolt Gwill-engagewitha socket in a shackle intheusualrzmanner, or it maybemadeas a flat lock for doors or drawers,850., and'the improvement is applicableeithcr to a lock having a singleset of tumblers, as in Patent No. 414,261, before referred to,or to alock having two sets of tumblers, as in No. 418,476, also beforereferred/co.

I claim- 1. The combination, in a lock,,of a shiftable locking-barhaving an integral-locking-arm and tumblers, each havinga projectionadapted to shift said locking-bar, and also'an auxiliary projectionadaptedto engage with said locking-arm and prevent moving thelockingbar, as described..-

2. In a lock,ashiftable locking-bar having a projection adapted toactuate a bolt-restraining lever, as described.

3. The e0mbinati0n,in a lock, of a shiftable adapted to prevent thewithdrawal of the bolt,

bolt, a shiftable locking-bar, and a bolt-reas described. 10 straininglever adapted to be actuated by the In Witness whereof I have hereuntoset my locking-bar, as described. hand this 28th day of February, 1890.

5 4E. The combination ln a lock, of a shiftable EUGENE 0. SMITH.

locking-bar having a projection and a lever Witnesses: having an armadapted to be actuated by the CHAS. S. LONGHURST,

projection on the locking-bar, and an arm HUDSON CAMPBELL.

